what is ImpactStory?
ImpactStory is a website that makes it quick and easy to view the impact of a wide range of research output. It goes beyond traditional measurements of research output -- citations to papers -- to embrace a much broader evidence of use across a wide range of scholarly output types. The system aggregates impact data from many sources and displays it in a single report, which is given a permaurl for dissemination and can be updated any time.
who is it for?
- researchers who want to know how many times their work has been downloaded, bookmarked, and blogged
- research groups who want to look at the broad impact of their work and see what has demonstrated interest
- funders who want to see what sort of impact they may be missing when only considering citations to papers
- repositories who want to report on how their research artifacts are being discussed
- all of us who believe that people should be rewarded when their work (no matter what the format) makes a positive impact (no matter what the venue). Aggregating evidence of impact will facilitate appropriate rewards, thereby encouraging additional openness of useful forms of research output.
how should it be used?
ImpactStory data can be:- highlighted as indications of the minimum impact a research artifact has made on the community
- explored more deeply to see who is citing, bookmarking, and otherwise using your work
- run to collect usage information for mention in biosketches
- included as a link in CVs
- analyzed by downloading detailed metric information
how shouldn’t it be used?
Some of these issues relate to the early-development phase of ImpactStory, some reflect our early-understanding of altmetrics, and some are just common sense. ImpactStory reports shouldn't be used:
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as indication of comprehensive impact
ImpactStory is in early development. See limitations and take it all with a grain of salt.
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for serious comparison
ImpactStory is currently better at collecting comprehensive metrics for some artifacts than others, in ways that are not clear in the report. Extreme care should be taken in comparisons. Numbers should be considered minimums. Even more care should be taken in comparing collections of artifacts, since some ImpactStory is currently better at identifying artifacts identified in some ways than others. Finally, some of these metrics can be easily gamed. This is one reason we believe having many metrics is valuable.
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as if we knew exactly what it all means
The meaning of these metrics are not yet well understood; see section below.
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as a substitute for personal judgement of quality
Metrics are only one part of the story. Look at the research artifact for yourself and talk about it with informed colleagues.
what do these number actually mean?
The short answer is: probably something useful, but we’re not sure what. We believe that dismissing the metrics as “buzz” is short-sited: surely people bookmark and download things for a reason. The long answer, as well as a lot more speculation on the long-term significance of tools like ImpactStory, can be found in the nascent scholarly literature on “altmetrics.”
The Altmetrics Manifesto is a good, easily-readable introduction to this literature, while the proceedings of the recent altmetrics11 and altmetrics12 workshops go into more detail. You can check out the shared altmetrics library on Mendeley for more even relevant research. Finally, the poster Uncovering impacts: CitedIn and total-impact, two new tools for gathering altmetrics , recently submitted to the 2012 iConference, describes a case study using ImpactStory (then called total-impact) to evaluate a set of research papers funded by NESCent; it has some brief statistical analysis and some visualisations of the results.
which identifiers are supported?
| artifact type | host | supported ID format | example (prefix required) |
|---|---|---|---|
| published article | any journal that issues DOIs | DOI | doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000361 |
| dataset | Dryad | DOI | doi: 10.5061/dryad.1295 |
| software | GitHub | username,repo | github: egonw,biostar-central |
| slides | SlideShare | URL | url: http://www.slideshare.net/phylogenomics/eisenall-hands |
| generic | A conference paper, website resource, etc. | URL | url: http://opensciencesummit.com/program/ |
which metrics are measured?
Metrics are computed based on the following data sources:
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A social networking service.
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shares Number of users who shared a post about the item
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plosalm
PLoS article level metrics.
- abstract views the number of times the abstracts have been viewed on PubMed Central
- figure views the number of times the figures have been viewed on PubMed Central
- supp-data views the number of times the supplementary data has been viewed on PubMed Central
- pdf views the number of times the pdf has been viewed on PubMed Central
- pdf views the number of downloads of the PDF
- citations the citation data reported for an article from PubMed Central
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citations the citation data reported for an article from Scopus
- html views the number of views of the PLoS HTML article
- unique-ip views the number of unique IP addresess that have viewed the paper on PubMed Central
- full-text views the number of times the full-text has been viewed on PubMed Central
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citations the citation data reported for an article from CrossRef
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slideshare
The best way to share presentations, documents and professional videos.
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downloads The number of times the presentation has been downloaded
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github
A social, online repository for open-source software.
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forks
The number of people who have forked the GitHub repository
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watchers
The number of people who are watching the GitHub repository
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topsy
Real-time search for the social web,
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tweets Number of times the item has been tweeted
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wikipedia
The free encyclopedia that anyone can edit.
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mentions The number of Wikipedia articles that mentioned this object.
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scopus
The world's largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature.
- citations Number of times the item has been cited
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citeulike
CiteULike is a free service to help you to store, organise and share the scholarly papers you are reading.
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bookmarks Number of users who have bookmarked this item.
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delicious
Online social bookmarking service
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bookmarks The number of bookmarks to this artifact (maximum=100).
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mendeley
A research management tool for desktop and web.
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discipline, top 3 percentages Percent of readers by discipline, for top three disciplines (csv, api only)
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dryad
An international repository of data underlying peer-reviewed articles in the basic and applied biology.
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package views Dryad package views: number of views of the main package page
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scienceseeker
Science news from science newsmakers
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blog posts The number of blog posts that cite this item.
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pubmed
PubMed comprises more than 21 million citations for biomedical literature
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citations: editorials The number of citations by editorials papers in PubMed Central
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reviewed The article has been reviewed by F1000
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where is the journal impact factor?
We do not include the Journal Impact Factor (or any similar proxy) on purpose. As has been repeatedly shown , the Impact Factor is not appropriate for judging the quality of individual research artifacts. Individual article citations reflect much more about how useful papers actually were. Better yet are article-level metrics, as initiated by PLoS, in which we examine traces of impact beyond citation. ImpactStory broadens this approach to reflect artifact-level metrics , by inclusion of preprints, datasets, presentation slides, and other research output formats.
where is my other favourite metric?
We only include open metrics here, and so far only a selection of those. We welcome contributions of plugins. Write your own and tell us about it.
Not sure ImpactStory is your cup of tea? Check out these similar tools:
- altmetric.com
- Plum Analytics
- Science Card
- CitedIn
- ReaderMeter
what are the current limitations of the system?
ImpactStory is in early development and has many limitations. Some of the ones we know about:
gathering IDs sometimes misses artifacts
- BibTex import sometimes can't parse or locate all objects
artifacts are sometimes missing metrics
- doesn’t display metrics with a zero value
- sometimes the artifacts were received without sufficient information to use all metrics. For example, the system sometimes can't figure out all URLs from a DOI.
metrics sometimes have values that are too low
- some sources have multiple records for a given artifact. ImpactStory only identifies one copy and so only reports the impact metrics for that record. It makes no current attempt to aggregate across duplications within a source.
other
- the number of items on a report is currently limited.
Tell us about bugs! (or via email to )
- doesn’t display metrics with a zero value
- sometimes the artifacts were received without sufficient information to use all metrics. For example, the system sometimes can't figure out all URLs from a DOI.
metrics sometimes have values that are too low
- some sources have multiple records for a given artifact. ImpactStory only identifies one copy and so only reports the impact metrics for that record. It makes no current attempt to aggregate across duplications within a source.
other
- the number of items on a report is currently limited.
Tell us about bugs! (or via email to )
- the number of items on a report is currently limited.
is this data Open?
We’d like to make all of the data displayed by ImpactStory available under CC0. Unfortunately, the terms-of-use of most of the data sources don’t allow that. We're trying to figure out how to handle this.
An option to restrict the displayed reports to Fully Open metrics — those suitable for commercial use — is on the To Do list.
The ImpactStory software itself is fully open source under an MIT license. GitHub
does ImpactStory have an api?
yes! ImpactStory is built on its own api, and others may build on it too.
We also have javascript to make embedding ImpactStory data very easy. We'll document it soon: contact us for details in the meantime.
who developed ImpactStory?
Concept originally hacked at the Beyond Impact Workshop , part of the Beyond Impact project funded by the Open Society Foundations (initial contributors) .
who funds ImpactStory?
Early development was done on personal time, plus some discretionary time while funded through DataONE (Heather Piwowar) and a UNC Royster Fellowship (Jason Priem).
In early 2012, ImpactStory was given £17,000 through the Beyond Impact project from the Open Society Foundation . As of May 2012, ImpactStory is funded through a $125k grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
what have you learned?
- the multitude of IDs for a given artifact is a bigger problem than we guessed. Even articles that have DOIs often also have urls, PubMed IDs, PubMed Central IDs, Mendeley IDs, etc. There is no one place to find all synonyms, yet the various APIs often only work with a specific one or two ID types. This makes comprehensive impact-gathering time consuming and error-prone.
- some data is harder to get than we thought (wordpress stats without requesting consumer key information)
- some data is easier to get than we thought (vendors willing to work out special agreements, permit web scraping for particular purposes, etc)
- lack of an author-identifier makes us reliant on user-populated systems like Mendeley for tracking author-based work (we need ORCID and we need it now!)
- API limits like those on PubMed Central (3 request per second) make their data difficult to incorporate in this sort of application
how can I help?
- do you have data? If it is already available in some public format, let us know so we can add it. If it isn’t, either please open it up or contact us to work out some mutually beneficial way we can work together.
- do you have money? We need money :) We need to fund future development of the system and are actively looking for appropriate opportunities.
- do you have ideas? Maybe enhancements to ImpactStory would fit in with a grant you are writing, or maybe you want to make it work extra-well for your institution’s research outputs. We’re interested: please get in touch (see bottom).
- do you have energy? We need better “see what it does” documentation, better lists of collections, etc. Make some and tell us, please!
- do you have anger that your favourite data source is missing? After you confirm that its data isn't available for open purposes like this, write to them and ask them to open it up... it might work. If the data is open but isn't included here, let us know to help us prioritize.
- can you email, blog, post, tweet, or walk down the hall to tell a friend? See the this is so cool section for your vital role....
this is so cool.
Thanks! We agree :)
You can help us. Demonstrating the value of ImpactStory is key to recieving future funding.
Buzz and testimonials will help. Tweet your reports. Blog, send email, and show off ImpactStory at your next group meeting to help spread the word.
Tell us how cool it is at (or via email to ) so we can consolidate the feedback.
I have a suggestion!
We want to hear it. Send it to us at (or via email to ).
